AVI341: Aviation Law: Home

• Appeal--the legal process of requesting your case is heard by a higher court in the legal system on the basis of some error made at the lower court
• Amendment--typically one of the 27 additions to the U.S. Constitution made by the states since the Constitution was ratified. They are usually referenced by their number, i.e. First Amendment.
• Brief--a legal document written by a lawyer, produced for the justices in a court case.
• "The court"--typically, the Supreme Court of the United States. The term is used to refer to the entire court as a whole.
• Holding--a statement summarizing what the court decided; the answer to the question presented; what is true about the final decision on the case.
• Justices--the name used for the judges who are part of the Supreme Court. Also used as a title, as in Justice Scalia.
• Justice system--the entire legal system including law enforcement (police/detectives) and the court system (lawyers/judges).
• Moot--A case is moot when it is no longer a "live controversy," meaning that further legal proceedings on the case will have no effect on its outcome. This occasionally happens when a law is passed before the case is resolved that effectively settles the argument.
• Per Curiam--“by the court.” A Per Curiam opinion is written for the court as a whole by an unidentified justice.
• Remanded--“sent back.” The Supreme Court sent the case back to the lower court for further action. When it remands a case, the court generally includes instructions for the lower court, telling it to start an entirely new trial or directing it, for example, to look at the dispute in the context of laws or theories it might not have considered the first time around.
• Vacated--When the Supreme Court vacates a lower court ruling, it strips that ruling of effect, often in order to send the case back to the lower court for further proceedings.

• Look for the case on SCOTUSblog, read the Argument or Opinion recaps/previews. Basically read whatever combination of those is available
• Briefs look scary when you open them. It's ok. Find the Table of Contents first. The statements in that weird ALL CAPS are basically the argument topic statements. Start there. This functions as the outline of the brief.
• Make sure you know which side the amicus (amici curiae) brief is supporting. 
• Look up any legal term you're not sure of.
• Does the brief or opinion reference the same case over and over again? Look it up to understand what it's about. 

Many of the documents on SCOTUSblog are color-coded. Here's a key to help you find what you're looking for.